Lukas 24:44-46

Jesus’ Final Commission

24:44 Then ¹  he said to them, “These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me ²  in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms ³  must be fulfilled.” 24:45 Then he opened their minds so they could understand the scriptures, ⁴  24:46 and said to them, “Thus it stands written that the Christ ⁵  would suffer ⁶  and would rise from the dead on the third day,

Lukas 9:22

9:22 saying, “The Son of Man must suffer ⁷  many things and be rejected by the elders, ⁸  chief priests, and experts in the law, ⁹  and be killed, and on the third day be raised.” ¹⁰ 

Lukas 18:31-33

Another Prediction of Jesus’ Passion

18:31 Then ¹¹  Jesus ¹²  took the twelve aside and said to them, “Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, ¹³  and everything that is written about the Son of Man by the prophets will be accomplished. ¹⁴  18:32 For he will be handed over ¹⁵  to the Gentiles; he will be mocked, ¹⁶  mistreated, ¹⁷  and spat on. ¹⁸  18:33 They will flog him severely ¹⁹  and kill him. Yet ²⁰  on the third day he will rise again.”

[24:44]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[24:44]  ² sn Everything written about me. The divine plan, events, and scripture itself are seen here as being one.

[24:44]  ³ sn For a similar threefold division of the OT scriptures, see the prologue to Sirach, lines 8-10, and from Qumran, the epilogue to 4QMMT, line 10.

[24:45]  ⁴ sn Luke does not mention specific texts here, but it is likely that many of the scriptures he mentioned elsewhere in Luke-Acts would have been among those he had in mind.

[24:46]  ⁵ tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[24:46]  ⁶ tn Three Greek infinitives are the key to this summary: (1) to suffer, (2) to rise, and (3) to be preached. The Christ (Messiah) would be slain, would be raised, and a message about repentance would go out into all the world as a result. All of this was recorded in the scripture. The remark shows the continuity between Jesus’ ministry, the scripture, and what disciples would be doing as they declared the Lord risen.

[9:22]  ⁷ sn The necessity that the Son of Man suffer is the particular point that needed emphasis, since for many 1st century Jews the Messiah was a glorious and powerful figure, not a suffering one.

[9:22]  ⁸ sn Rejection in Luke is especially by the Jewish leadership (here elders, chief priests, and experts in the law), though in Luke 23 almost all will join in.

[9:22]  ⁹ tn Or “and scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.

[9:22]  ¹⁰ sn The description of the Son of Man being rejected…killed, and…raised is the first of six passion summaries in Luke: 9:44; 17:25; 18:31-33; 24:7; 24:46-47.

[18:31]  ¹¹ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[18:31]  ¹² tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:31]  ¹³ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[18:31]  ¹⁴ tn Or “fulfilled.” Jesus goes to Jerusalem by divine plan as the scripture records (Luke 2:39; 12:50; 22:37; Acts 13:29). See Luke 9:22, 44.

[18:32]  ¹⁵ sn The passive voice verb be handed over does not indicate by whom, but other passages note the Jewish leadership and betrayal (9:22, 44).

[18:32]  ¹⁶ sn See Luke 22:63; 23:11, 36.

[18:32]  ¹⁷ tn Or “and insulted.” L&N 33.390 and 88.130 note ὑβρίζω (Jubrizw) can mean either “insult” or “mistreat with insolence.”

[18:32]  ¹⁸ sn And spat on. Later Luke does not note this detail in the passion narrative in chaps. 22-23, but see Mark 14:65; 15:19; Matt 26:67; 27:30 where Jesus’ prediction is fulfilled.

[18:33]  ¹⁹ tn Traditionally, “scourge” (the term means to beat severely with a whip, L&N 19.9). BDAG 620 s.v. μαστιγόω 1. states, “Of the beating (Lat. verberatio) given those condemned to death…J 19:1; cf. Mt 20:19; Mk 10:34; Lk 18:33.” Here the term has been translated “flog…severely” to distinguish it from the term φραγελλόω (fragellow) used in Matt 27:26; Mark 15:15.

[18:33]  ²⁰ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “yet” to indicate the contrast present in this context.